Tzardom Russian colonialism did not make such a demolition in any other place except North Caucasia. After the Crimea War in 1858, they started to apply the plan of the Caucasian Committee assembled in Petersburg twenty years ago in 1838. According to this plan, one third of North Caucasians would be forced to migrate from their homeland and Russian-Khossakh villagers would be settled those abandoned lands. Moreover, Tzardom administrative and military personnel would also be settled in this region. Russian writer General R.A. Fadeyev tells his own experience in his work named Caucasian Letters; The estimation that most of the Highlanders would not pledge allagiance to the Tzar but to move to the Ottoman Empire, came true as seen with the developments. Native Caucasians exiled in masses, first sent to Black Sea coast and then sailed to Anatolia by force. Fadayevs statements are clear evidence to reject the Russian claims in limited Soviet researches that show this migration as a natural population movement made with the immigrants own wills. At the end of this plan started in 1858, the ethnic structure of Caucasia was also effected with this migration which caused to change the settlement map of the Caucasian peoples when the population in west compared to that of in east of North Caucasia. This effect reached its peak with exile of Kharachay-Balkhar Turks and Chechen-Inghush and Kalmukhs from their homelands during the 2nd World War.
In the summer of 1860 there determined the administrative divisions in Caucasia. Khuban and Terek states were established and Russian-Khossakh military companies were essembled. After the settlement of Russian-Khossakhs in Khuban region, Caucasian Committee in Petersburg decided to settle 100.000 more Russian and Russian-Khossakh villagers in Adige and Abkhaz settling regions which were known as Farther-Khuban. Migration to the Ottoman Empire was the only alternative for the natives of these countries, Abkhaz and Adiges, if they did not accept Russian sovereign. Russian Tzardom sought an agreement in 1859 with the Ottoman Empire to receive some amount of immigrants from the Caucasia. Loris Melikov started negotiation in the name of Tzar with the Ottomans in 1860. According Russian estimations, 40-50 thousand immigrants moved to Anatolia from Caucasia in these years during the official contact. On the other hand, with a foresight of possible problems due to these migrations, Ottoman Empire assigned Trabzon Governor Hafiz Pasha to essemble the commission of General Administration of Immigrants to manage all the problems related this migration.
When the Russian armies demolished the Caucasia in 1861 autumn, Tzar Alexandre the 2nd told to Caucasians, who rejecde to be exiled from their homelands, that they had no other alternative but to migrate to the Ottoman Empire if they did not accept to settle down the place where the Russians pointed. After completing their settlements in 1862, the Russan-Khossakhs moved towards the valleys alongside the Khuban river, reaching to highland forts in 1863, they forced the native Caucasians, who were weaker than Khossokhs in armory and equipments, move to the Black Sea coasts. açıkça ve kesin olarak söylemiştir. According to the official records, the number of immigrants reached to 80,000 in the period of 1858-1859 and 1862-1863 as a result of this migration which had become compulsory due to the severe pressure policy implied by Russia.
After the Sheikh Shamil yielt to Prince Baryatinsky on September 6th, 1859 thousands of Caucasians were forced to migrate only with a few goods to Anatolia with the systematic approach of Prince Baryatinsky during the erosion process of jihad until 1864. Russians declared to the Caucasians in the invaded region in North Caucasia that they had no other alternative but to migrate to Anatolia or to settle around Sivastopol city or Sal plain in north. On the other hand, there worked the rehearsal mechanism that those who moved to north, would be christianized and taken under arm for 25 years and sent to fight against califates Islam Army. These propagandas directed effectively the migration from Caucasia.
As for the Russian writer M. Yenkuyov, the natives in the invaded Muslim villages were directly brought to the nearest Russian-Khossakh villages and than sent to the concentration camps at the Black Sea coasts in order to sail them to Anatolia. Russian companies under the command of Grand Duke Mihail Nikolayevich invaded every village including Kharachay region until 1864 May. And Tzar were informed tha Caucasian invasion was completed successfully. A great migration were waiting the Caucasian people who lost most of their population in these furions years in war.
In August 1864, Tzars brother Grand Duke Mihail Nikolayevich issued a declaration in which he threatened the native settlers to abondan the Caucasia in a month or that they would be exiled to the inner parts in Russia as a war prisoners. So there started the migration which would last years and years. Russia did nothing to stop this migration because they wanted to have the fertile lands of Caucasia. When we came to 1864 spring, total number of immigrant Caucasians reached 400 thousand.
Continued