Independent North Caucasia Federation and USSR Period
Some of the North Caucasian stayed at home and announced their independence after 1917 revolution. They established North Caucasian Federation which were recognized by some western countries in 11918. Red Army invaded this republic in 1921 and ended their independence. Federal states in this independent federation were given status of autonomous republics or autonomous regions withing Soviet Union. Russians exiled some of North Caucasians to Siberia and Far East in 1940s. When we came to 1991, Soviet Union had federal structure in North Caucasia with autonomous countries such as Abkhasia Autonomous Republic, Karachay-Circassian Autonomous Republic, Agidea Autonomous Republic, Özerk Cumhuriyeti, North Ossetia Autonomous Republic, South Ossetia Autonomous Region, Chechen-Inghush Autonomous Republic, and Daghestan Autonomous Republic. After the collapse of Soviet Union, Abkhasia Autonomous Republic and South Ossetia Autonomous Region were left to Georgia. Soviet Union was a confederetion in respect of constitutional structure. Every member of this union was a federation country. Thus, autonomous states were also federative counties. As the union collapsed in 1991, Russian Federation among 15 countries declared itself a federation, which was correct in respect of structural position. Though not declared before public, Georgia gained its independence as a federation. Including Abkhasia Autonomous Republic and Acara Autonomous Republic when it gained its independence, Georgia is a federative state in legal respect and should accept this.