Great Turkish Assault started with the firing of cannons from Kocatepe at 5.30 in the morning on 26 August 1922. The Chief Commander was also in Kocatepe at the same time. The assault developed successfully in a short time along the railway line between Afyon and Konya. 1st Army was assaulting from the south of this line, and 2nd army was assaulting from the northern section of this line. However, the focus of the front was the 1st army region. In this assault commanded by Chief Commander Mustafa Kemal Pasha in the fire line with a great common sense, the Chief of General Staff of our Army was Fevzi (Çakmak) Pasha, and the Commander of Western front was Ismet Pasha. 1st Army was commanded by Nurettin Pasha, and 2nd Army was led by Yakup Şevki Pasha, Cavalries Army Corps was commanded by Fahrettin (Altay) Pasha.
By this rapid assault, many of the positions of Greek army fell. Greeks, surprised with immediate assault, began to withdraw. Our Army entered Afyon, under invasion of the enemy on 27 August 1922. Upon such advance of Turkish army, the Greek army decided to withdraw to Dumlupınar positions. Our forces started to assault on Dumlupınar positions on 29 August. On 30 August, the Greek army consisting of 200.000 people was under complete siege.
In this war called Chief Commander Open War, most of the enemy forces were destroyed. Kütahya was also saved by our army. However, it was necessary to cut the ways of withdrawal of the defeated enemy and to follow uninterruptedly toward izmir. The Chief Commander ordered to the forces under him Armies! Your first objective is the Mediterranean, forward!.
Our forces marching toward İzmir with their maximum speed, saved Uşak on 1 September, Eskişehir on 2 September, Nazill, Simav, Salihli, Alaşehir and Gördeş on 3 September, Balıkesir and Bilecik on 6 September, Aydın on 7 September, Manisa on 8 September. During this follow, the Commander of Greek Army, General Trikopis and 2nd Greek Army Commander General Diyenis and some high-ranking Greek officers were taken captives.
At last, Turkish units reached İzmir in the morning on 9 September 1922. In the morning, Turkish flag was waving in Kadifekale. Now, Anadolu was liberated from enemy invasion lasting for 4 years, and the reality of Turkey belongs to Turks! was shown. These great victories achieved by mobilizing all sources of power, either material or spiritual, of our nation against the terrible and malicious mind trying to take Turkish nation out of Anatolian territories and put an end to Turkish existence in the history, which they had thought to have realized with Mondros Armistice and Sèvres Agreement, were to only one end expressed by Ataturk: To establish unconditionally independent new Turkish State!.
With Mudanya Armistice signed with States of Entente on 11 October 1922, and the conflicts between Turkish and Greek forces were ended. Greeks also agreed to empty Eastern Thrace including Edirne in accordance with this agreement: Istanbul and straits were left to our government with some provisions. Sultanate and Caliphate were separated with a decision of Turkish Parliament on 1 November 1922, and Sultanate was lifted. Upon such decision by the Parliament, Vahdettin left the country on a British battleship. Now it was the turn of peace talks. Lozan Peace Conference was gathered on 20 November 1922. In the negotiations lasting for months which become very hard sometimes, Turkish Parliament was represented by Ismet (İnönü), like in Mudanya negotiations. At last, an agreement was signed on 23 July 1923. With this agreement, independence of new Turkish State was certified by the whole world, our national borders were drawn, and previous problems remaining from Ottoman period were cleansed and Imperial capitulations were lifted.
On 13 October 1923, Ankara became the Government Center of Turkish State with a decision of Turkish Parliament. Now, it was necessary to definitely express and proclaim the name of the current government. At last, with an amendment of the Constitution in the evening of 29 October 1923, Republic Regime was proclaimed. Then Presidency elections were held. Ankara Deputy Mustafa Kemal Pasha was elected as the first President of Republic of Turkey unilaterally.