The language used by this Turkish community that lived in the Southern Siberia has been included within the "Eastern Turkish" group. It contains some vocal changes when compared with the Anatolian Turkish. Some of these changes are: b/p differentiation, biz/pis, z/s differentiation, yüz/cüs, y/c,ç differentiation, and Yahşi/Cahşı, yıl/çıl differentiations. Pursuant to the Soviet Revolution, Hakas people substituted the Russian alphabet that were forcibly adopted in the Tsardom period and started to use the Latin alphabet, but they were obliged to reuse the Russian alphabet since the year of 1939.
The special geographical position of Minusin Valley in which Hakas people lived and the Sayan Mountains that separated the region from Turkistan difficult to be surmounted enabled the protection of the vocabulary of Hakas language as in the state of ancient Turkish. In the beginning of the century XX., Hakas people used their languages with the rate of 95%. As a result of the forced adoption of Russian identity imposed by the communist regime pursuant to the Revolution in October 1917, only 76% of Hakas people were able to speak Hakas language in the year of 1989.