Population : 30 millions (Approximately)

Capital: Urumçi Geographical Position

Sincan Uighur Autonomous Region (Eastern Turkistan) is located within the structure of the People's Republic of China in the western region of the country.

History

During its long history, the Eastern Turkistan has been the centre of the Turkish states and khanates that were founded in the Internal and Middle Asia. It was the centre of Scythians in the 8th-3rd centuries B.C.; Huns in the years of 93 D.C.; Gokturk Empire in the period of 522-744; the Uighur State in the era of 744-840; the Karluk and Karahanlılar Empire between the years of 751-870 and the Saidiye Khanate (1509-1679). This Turkish homeland has always been a significant centre in the history and it has attracted great interest. The period of one thousand years between the 8th and 18th centuries was a period of peace in which the cultural and political cooperation was significantly attained with the China Empire. But this period of peace ended with the invasion of the Eastern Turkistan by the China-Manchu Empire in the year of 1759.

There had been more than 200 revolts in the Eastern Turkistan since the year of 1759 and the people of the Eastern Turkistan had the opportunity to enjoy the freedom for 3 times. The "Eastern Turkistan Islam State" was established under the presidency of Yakup Khan in the Eastern Turkistan that achieved its independency in 1863. This state was officially recognised by the Ottomans, England and Russia. However, this independent Turkish State could not live long enough and it was invaded by the China-Manchu State in the year of 1876. Then, Sincan was connected to the China Empire under the title of "New Land" in 1884. As a result of the nationalist movements that burst out in the Middle Asia in the beginning of the 20th century, the Islamic Republic of Eastern Turkistan was founded in Kasgar in 1933. This Republic could only survive until the year of 1937.The city of Gulca was cleansed off the Chinese people in 1944. As a result of these rebellions known as the "Revolution of Three Provinces", the Turks of the Eastern Turkistan established the Republic of Eastern Turkistan under the presidency of Ali Khan Töre. The Communist China Forces that dominated all over China entered into the Eastern Turkistan upon the approval of Stalin in 1949 and invaded this historical Turkish country in an official manner.

Governing Regime

On the date of 8th August 1952, 10 different autonomous regions were organised within the structure of the autonomous region in accordance with the distribution of the ethnical groups. Although Sincan (Uighur) Autonomous Region is considered among these regions, its administrative rights are violated by the Peking administration. All the authorities in relation with the general administration pertain to the Chinese people. The authorities to decide upon the political, economic and military issues and the right for supervision in relation with the ethnical groups that are charged in the autonomous administrative bodies are under the control of the Chinese Communist Party.

Administrative Structure

Governors are appointed for the region by the Chinese Communist Party. It is absolutely stipulated that the governor should be a member of the Chinese Communist Party. In the Eastern Turkistan, there are 7 bodies that have the same rights apart from Sincan Uighur Autonomous Region.

1- Sincan Military Regional Headquarters

2- Sincan Military Production and Construction Regional Headquarters

3- Sincan Communist Party

4- Sincan Public's Assembly Standing Committee

5- Disciplinary Council of Supervision

6- Council of Political Consulting

7- General Commandership for Sincan State Defence Forces

Demographic Situation Chinese:16 890 000

Uighurs:12 500 000

Hui people: 600 000

Kazakhsr:1 100 000

Manchus:90 000

Khirghiz people:150 000

Dongkiangs:40 000

Tajikis:33 000

Tibetans:5 000

Uzbeks:15 000

Davani people:5 000

Yellow Uighurs:11 000

Salar :3 000

Tatars:5 000

Russians:3 000

Boan people:300

to be continued