Immigrant settled in Ottoman land were exempt from military obligation for 6 years and also benefit from tax exemption for 10 years so as to improve their economical situation. Likewise, government encouraged them for agriculture and supported by supplying necessary equipments and seeds. They were settled strategically near Russian border and ethnically mixed places, especially where the Muslim population were few. While the Ottoman government applying the most suitable and advantageous settlement plan, Russia rejected and intervened this policy of Caucasian immigrants settlement plan. As being aware of the Caucasian disciplined determination together with their bravery qualities during the long Caucasian wars, Russian experienced once again their grudge against themselves during 1877-1878 Ottoman-Russia war, in which Caucasian immigrants fought in Ottoman Armies. Therefore Russian Tzardom officially demanded from Ottoman Empire to settle the Caucasian immigrants in regions far from Russian border, namely the west of Erzincan, Tokat, Amasya and Samsun line. Ottoman officials took this demand into consideration while applying the settlement plan. As watching close the settlement action of the Caucasian immigrants, Russian government recommended the Ottomans to settle the immigrants to southern Anatolia and especially in Syria. gözetmişlerdir. Their insistent demands on this subject reached to pressure level. On the other hand, in parallel to England and Greek governments, they rejected to settle 8,000 immigrants in West Trace. During Istanbul Conference held in 1876, it was decided not to settle Caucasian immigrants in Bakhans and this decision caused some already settled Caucasian to suffer from a second migration.
Being an article in international negotiations, Caucasian immigrants were settled mostly in Trabzon, Samsun, Sinop, Adapazarı, Kayseri, Sivas, Erzurum, Çorum, Çankırı, Bursa, Eskişehir, Tokat cities while some of them were moved to southern Ottoman lands such as Diyarbakır, Mardin, Mush, Aleppo and Damascus. On the other hand, a group of Caucasian were settled in places which are in Bulgaria and Romania today, such as Dobruca, Varna, Kostence, Burgaz, Sofia. It is known that some religious and faithful Caucasians moved to Palestine and settled in and around Jerusalem city which was belong to Ottoman Empire at that time. Russian consulate in Palestine reported to Moscov in 1883 that 365 Caucasians arrived in Yafa by an Ottoman ship and they did not only visited the holy places but settled along the Jordan river. Ottoman Foreign Affairs Archive have most of the information about Muslims accepted as immigrants from Russia and also about Caucasian and Crimean immigrants after the Russian invasion. As an example of the Muslim groups permitted to migrate from Caucasia from 1895 and 1908, a thousand families from Volni, Khuna Ghazi, Khorgakay, Urup and Karamunsin villages in Khuban arrived in İzmit in 1895 and were sent to Ankara. In 1899, three more groups of 395, 353 and 791 families from Ufa and Tamarra in Idıl-Ural region were permitted to migrate and sent to Istanbul by ships. In 1906, 232 families from Khubarti tribe of Uyum and 372 families from Khuban moved with permission and were settled in counties of Adana province.
After the end of these migrations, it is sociological reality that Ottoman Empire, especially Anatolia, had changed much in ethnical population. In general, most important political result of this migration movement is that the Turkizing and Islamizing process started with Malazgirt Victory in 1701, has been concluded.
The End
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