Bulgaristan extended its borders to South Serbia, Albania and most of Macedonia according to the 6th article of Ayastefanos Treatment. The area of this country was 1 16.3000 km2 and population was 4 million. In Eastern Anatolia, Russia got the cities Kars, Ardahan and Beyazit. Moreover, Sultan Abdulhamid II accepted to pay 30 millions war condemnation to Russia. Russia wanted to make a trick with this Treatment but they could not estimate the reaction of European countries. Serbia, Greece, Karadag and Germany also reacted against Russian plan. They wanted to hold a conference in order to evaluate the results of this agreement. If Russia did not accept this request, they would have to fight against all these countries. So they had to accept to attend Berlin Congregate. European countries made intrigues and signed some agreements against Ottoman Empire and Turks. They tried to demolish the Empire and its Turk element. Austria wanted to make Bulgaria a smaller country in order to decrease the influence of Russia. Russia had to accept Austrian invasion over Bosnia. Then they gave up their request of smaller Bulgaria. But then England turned directly to Russia and made them accepted smaller Bulgaria in the north of Balkans Mountains. The rest of the area would be an autonomous East Rumelia province. Some places in East Anatolia would be given back to Ottoman Empire but Russia would continue keeping Kars, Batum and South Baserabia.
Upon the threads for applying the articles of Ayastefanos Treaty, Ottoman Empire signed Cyprus Agreement with England on 4 June 187 and left the control of Cyprus to England. In return, England promised to give necessary support to defense East Anatolia against Russian invasion. Berlin Congregate was held between 13 June and 13 July 1878. Russia disappointed for unsuccessful attempt of Great Bulgaria and reaching Aegean Sea. Autonomous Bulgaria would lie from Danube River to Balkan Mountains and would be under the sovereign of Ottoman Empire, while it would have its own Christian Prince, an independent army and government. The rest of Bulgarian lands was divided into two parts On one of them, there founded an East Rumelia Province under Ottoman Government. Macedonia region between Nis and Greek border was given back to Ottoman government with the condition of making reforms. While under the sovereign of Ottoman Empire, there would be an Austrian army in Bosnia region, which would be administrated by Austria until a new organization was made between the countries.
Karadag and Serbia became independent countries. In return they would pay some amount of Ottoman debts. Romania would give back Baserabia lands to Russia and they would take Dobruca instead. Russia would control Kars, Ardahan and Batum, which would be a free port zone. Ottomans would receive East Bayezit instead. Articles about Black Sea and Channels would stay same.
With Berlin Congregate, Ottomans had to leave two fifth of its lands and half of its population. Ottoman Land regressed to 4,555 miles2 from 9,456 miles2. Being alone against these said civilian countries, the lands of Ottoman Empire were shared among them. The first stage of East Crisis stopped. Situation calmed down for a short time. Berlin Congregate was a great disaster for Ottoman Empire.
To be continued