Turkic Communities
Turks in Iraq
Subtopics
TURKS IN IRAQToday, our people of the same race living in Iraq are generally called Turks. The Turkmen experission, however, has started to draw attention over the…IRAQ AND EL-CEZIRE CONCEPTSThe lands surrounding Iraq today include Musul, Baghdad and Basra in division of management in Ottoman Empire. Baghdad and Basra has been known Iraq a…GEOGRAPHY OF IRAQThe Republic of Iraq of today, a Middle East country is Cumhuriyetü'l-Iraqıyye. Iraq of today appeared a history stage officially in 1926 is surrounde…POPULATIONAs a result of subsequent migrations following each other in past countries, the people of Iraq is from Sami origin and it is agreed that they had bee…RELIGIOUS STRUCTUREThe Shi living in especially south and southeast of the country in Iraq, whose population has Muslim 96%, is around 55%. For this reason Iraq in contr…TURKISH SETTLEMENT REGIONSThe Iraq Turks live in the belt reaching from the northwest to southeast of the country today. They are the strategic areas from the villages of Telaf…FIRST TURKS IN IRAQAccording to our present knowledge, the Turks first slepping to Iraq reaches the dates of Hicri 54 (M.674) Ubeydullah Bin Ziyad sent to Horasan by Mua…CLANS AND TRIBESAs a result at the Turks spaced and largely settlement , the important and great existence of the Turks: appeared in Iraq. The Turks not achieving li…TURKISH MIGRATION INTO THE REGIONBy the time the emigration of the Oguz, that is Turkmen started in the century, Turkish nations coming to Maveraünnehir from Great Turkish started to…CLANS AND TRIBES KNOWN IN THE REGIONTo reach to some knowledge about the Turkish tribes, which live into Iraq, it is necessary to study on the archive documents, which were written in th…BAYATThe Bayat is the clan that trained strong personalities likewise Dede Korkut, the state and religious man of Oghuz, in the history of Turk. They ara a…YIVAIn 12th century a dense group from Yıva, one of the Oguz Tribe, is known to have lived in the huge area that extends from southern part of the Hemedan…KARAKOYUNLUHowever, dynasty of Karakoyunlu is put forward to be called Barumlu, it is still not known where the name origanally came from and from which Oghuz Tr…DOGERThe Dögers is believed to have settled in Iraq with the other Oghuz Tribes and is mentioned in the documentary of 14.centrury. Following the collapsin…CEPNIA considerabe number of Cepni are known to have taken office in some volunteer breaches. In the period of Süleyman the magnificent. A some of them, ma…EYMURIt is known that in 16.century, 71 place names belonging to Eymür Tribe were coincided in Anatolia and most of them were found in Sivas-Tokat. At the…HARBENDELIThe Turcmen living in southern part of Sivas and Uzunyayla and in winter in Haleb, were stated to were have coma from the parts of Beğdili, Harbendelu…SEBEKOne of the important tribes maintaining its existence in Musul is Şebek.We haven't got the exact information about their origins and when they settled…SALURSalur comes from the infinitive form of it, meaning suitable, proportional, ambassador and givers of good news. They are also called Salgurlu or Salgu…BEGDILIBeing one tribe of the Oghuz, Beğdili was confirmed at the Reşid'd-din Oghuzname as having a ruler one out of five.The main Beğdili part was known to…ULASLUUlaslu Tribe is claimed to have been related to Dulkadir Community.Being one of the large tribes of Çukurova, Ulaş was the name of tribe's name.Ulas T…OCUSLUAmong the tribes living in the area, the existence of Ocuslu Tribe is drown attention.We see then registered in the deed inventery of Musul.They are s…GOKCELUHowever, there is not certain informaiton about it, Gokcelu Tribe is known the group that was found among the parts of Varsak Turkmen and lived in Tar…BIRAVCILIWe haven't got enough information to clarify which tribe they belonged to.They are claimed to have belonged the Bayats that had migrated to Iraq durin…KARANAZKaranazlar are confirmed to be one of the parts of Bayats, the oldest Turk tribe, living in Iraq and stated to have come there before the Mogol Invasi…MURADOGLU or MURADIYEMuradoğlu or Muradiye is pu forward to be one of the parts of Bayat Tribe.This society had 38 families, 3 mücerreds and 1088 silver coins Varidat in H…BACVANLU or BACVANThe names of Bacvanlı or Bacvan belonging to Turcman tribe mean Bacnak, which comes to Bac area.Family names which related to this society are known t…ULUS -TATARThe tribe who is also known as Tatoran is admitted to have the Turk origin.On the other hand, some of them are known to have settled in Gökçen Region,…KARABOGAKaraboğa society known to have lived in 16.century, is an important Turkish tribe settling in the area.This society that consisted of 19 families and…SALIHIEven if it's claimed that Salihis are the descendast of Salih b. Cemil relating to Cemil Tribes, we find this concept doubtful. This society known to…YAGMUR TATALU or TATLUAmong the Turkmen Yağmur Tribe is known to be one of Yıva's Tribe, which divided into five parts. Moreover, in the period of Süleyman the Magnificient…MAVILLI (MAVILI)Mavilli (Mavili) is the name given to the Turkmen group living in Telafer in our age. In fact, Mavilli is appropriated as the name of a group belongin…SARILLI (SARILI)Sarilli (Sarili) Tribe is understood to have belonged to Oghuz Tribes. Its known that towards the end of 14th century a Turkish Prince called Mehmet…YAGCIOne of the tribes aforementioned in the sources is Yagci community. In 1539(H.946) Yagci community was established as 333 private soldiers, 300 houses…HISTORY OF MUSUL-KERKUK REGIONMUSUL CASEWith Musuls occupation, Turk indepence in Iraq borders, begining Musul on 25 December 1055, came to and region including Kerkük, Musul, Erbil and Sül…LOZANNE CONFERENCE AND MUSUL CASEThe solution case of Musul Issue was held to Peace Conference which was going to be held in Lozan in Paris , with the excitement and soul of Misak-ı…GOLDEN HORN CONFERENCE AND MUSUL CASEIn Musul Issue that was postponed in Lozan Treaty , the border between Turkey and Iraq would be come to a conclusion in nine months with the help of a…MUSUL CASE AT UNITED NATIONSAfter having been taken any result from sessions of Halic Conference , it was presented to the National Assemblies . The English Government applied to…IRAQ TURKS AFTER SEPERATING FROM MOTHERLANDAt the end of the first World War , Iraq entered English occupation. This would be beginning of a dark period of time for the Turk. Musuls land were…1920 REBELLIONFrom 1918 to 1926 , Iraq was under occupation of English Army. Both the public and the administration were irritated from thi attitude.Sir Arnold Wils…"KACAKAC YEAR" EPIC OF TELAFER TURKSRiot whose ideal basis is prepared by a Turkish association in Musul was filied scene of national solidarity and patriotism in the Telefars most Turk…ECHOES OF 1920 REBELLION1920 Riot was a strong riot which was occured altogether by the tribes in Mezopotamia , the surroundings of Şii , the cities which was supported by in…CONTINUATION OF THE REBELLION IN NORTHERN PLACESOccuring of the riot caused the society of Revanduz in the north to begin to act. Revarduzes asked for help from Turkey.In the front of Elcezire , the…REFERANDUM FOR FAISALAfter the rebellion , Sir Percy Cox who was appointed to dominating political of Iraq ın place of Wilson , came to Bağdat on 1 October 1920. Before th…FIRST MASSACRE TURKS METAfter leaving from homeland Turkey ,the first genocide which Turks met in Iraq occured on 4 May 1924 (30 Ramazan 1342) in Kerkük.Sudenly coinciding Fe…COMMUNICATION BETWEEN MUSTAFA KEMAL PASHA AND REGION LEADERSDuring the years of National struggle Mustafa Kemal Pasha was appraising telegraps sent by Acemi Sadun Pasha struggling Musul Matter and allways got i…INDEPENDENCE GIVEN TO IRAK (!)In June 1930 England mandating Iraq,gave its independence.But Englands benefit in the area wasnt forgotten.With regard to the Treatys 1 st language…DECLERATION PUBLISHED BY IRAQ KINGDOMAfter being a member of National Assembly Iraq Kingdom published a decleration, This declaration,committing and guaranting the existence of Turks and…UNJUST APPLICATIONS OVER THE RIGHTS OF TURKSAlthough some of the Turks cultural rights were seem to be given there were many troubles in practice.Moreover,Government wanted to see the Turks as…TURK-IRAQ RELATIONSAlthough the Iraq Turks cultural rights had been guaranteed since 1923, wasnt put into practice. Between 1936 and 1958 Turks were banned from publish…GAVURBAGI MASSACRE (12 JULY 1946)After the second World War a serious event happened.Employees working in Kerkuk Petrol Company applied to management for raising their salary,improvin…INCIDENTS AT POLLSIn 1947 Autumn, In Vice president elections made in Kerkuk,same important things happened. According to the information gained from the olds living th…BAGDAT PAKT (24 FEBRUARY 1955)Baghdad Pact was signed between Turkey and Iraq on 24 Febuary 1955.This Pact which was concerned with cooperating about defence and security issues ma…ANNOUNCEMENT OF REPUBLIC (14 JULY 1958)ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE REPUBLIC (14 July 1958CONFLICT AMONG REVOLUTION LEADERSRevolutions second man Lieutenant Colonel A.Arif was an Arab Nationalist and Nasır supporter .Arif met Nasır in Syrias capital Şam a few months late…EFFORTS OF NAZIM TABAKCALITwo days later from 14 July 1958 revolution General Nazım Tabakçalı was appoint the 2nd Division Commandership in Kerkük.According to the Tabakçalıs…REVOLT OF SHEVVAF IN MUSULDuring Barzanis visit in Kerkük,insolences made by Kurds in the city caused their hostility to increase.So Barzani having bad moments was expelled wi…KERKUK MASSACRE (14-16 JULY 1959)On 14 July 1959 City had been decorated with approximately 100 victory tank.That day A great preparation was made for Ceremany and Festival in the Cit…TURKEYS REACTIONNews about massacre actions over Turks in Kerkuk came to Turkey on 19 July. Arriving at the airport from Switzerland on that night, Minister of Foreig…PRESS CONFERENCE OF KASIMGeneral Kasım organized a press conference on 28 Temmuz 1959.Kasım reproaching the people who organized the Massacre of Kerkük said that .This action,…REVENGEFUL ACTIONS BY TURKSRingleader of Kerkük Massacre would be punished,when The Turks realised that Baghdad didnt carry out their promises,the Turks showed a big intignatio…TURKISH STRUGGLE IS GETTING INTENSIVEThe Irar Turks went on oppression on Baghdad Government in order to have their rights.Some publication rights about radio and press given to Kurds and…KERKUK DEMONSTRATION IN ISTANBULAs a result of these pressure with the efforts of the Young students whom were Irar Turks went on a March in istanbul and hold meeting.Kerkük Massacre…ASSASINATIONS AGAINST TURKSThe assassination attempts against the Turks which started in 1961 in Kerkük led to strained atmosphere among the people. The first assassination atte…SALAH TERZI AND IBRAHIM HAMZA MURDEREDThe Assassinations of Salah Terzi and İbrahim HamzaKASIM WAS OVERTHROWNEDGeneral Kasım Rule started to go down because of foreign and exterior affairs which grew up after 1961. The Kurdish who were in dissension within the…PERIOD OF MILITARY COUPS (1963-1968)Dictators in the background turned the government over to Baas Party. Abdusselam Arif was appointed as the president; but Legislation and Execution au…TURKS UNDER BAAS REGIMEThat the Baas Party took over on 17th July 1968 did not tense the Turks up at first Moreover, there was no reason for Turks to be anxious about the Ba…TURKS WERE GIVEN CULTURAL RIGHTSProviding Turks with their own Cultural RightsDISCUSSION ON CONCEPTS OF TURKMEN AND TURKMENCEConflicts on the expressions Turkmen and TurkishMURDER OF MEHMET FATIH SAATCIThe Arabs, whom Baghdad Government settled in Kerkük in order to make the people become Pan-Arabian, caused a public disorder. Especially an event occ…PLEBICIDE ATTEMPT FOR THE REGIONAn attempt to hold a plebiscite on the areaTÜRKEYS REACTIONUpon the Turks this condition, Turkish public opinion reacted strongly against the oppression on the Turks from both of sides and its solitude. The Pr…INTENSIFYING SUPPRESSION OVER TURKSBaas Party increased the pressure on the Turks after 1971 on the excuse of boycott. In 1972, they demanded that the public banks should not give credi…APPLICATION CONTRARY TO HUMAN RIGHTSWhile the high-school graduates could enter the universities with their grades taken in graduation exams, Turkish students were robbed of their rights…PRESIDENT F.KORUTURK VISITED KERKUKVisit of President Fahri Korutürk to KerkükEXECUTIONS OF TURK LEADERRS (16 JANUARY 1980)Turk Leaders Executions (16th January 1980 )CONTINUOUS EXECUTIONS OF TURKSWhile the war which was done between Iraq and Iran, worsened the condition of country, the condition of Turkish society started to get harder. On one…TURK SETTLEMENT PLACES ARE BEING DEMOLISHEDDestruction of Turkish Settlement PlacesBIZAAR APPLICATIONS IN TURK REGIONSOdd Practices in the areas the Turks livedCENSUS ? OR PLEBICIDE ?The Baas Government informed that a census would be help on 12th October 1987. However , in the forms prepared for the census, it was obvious that it…SUPPRESSION OVER TURKS IN MUSUL REGIONThe Oppressions on the Turks living in MusulNEW CRISIS BROUGHT GULF WARAfter the aimless and endless war, made between Iraq and Iran, country dragged on economic crisis. Baas Government fell into disfavour of society. Bag…MASS MIGRATION FROM KERKUKOn 26th March 1991, it was understood from the gun bullets in the city that the army, coming from Baghdad, had almost come up to Kerkük. When Kerkük w…ALTUNKOPRU MASSACRE (28 MARCH 1991)Altunkopru Massacre (On 28th March 1991)NEW EXECUTIONSBaghdad Government, in spite of countrys serious depression and arises created by embargo, went on pressing on Turkey. In Iraq prisons, hundreds of T…TURKMEN GIRL BURNT HERSELF FOR THE SAKE OF HER LANDAccording to the plan made for distribution of the settlement areas, the people of Tisin, like a lot of people in the villages, were evicted. Then, th…